Introduction: At the World Red Cross Conference held in Geneva in 1906, Iran was the only Muslim country present at the conference, and the final decision had to be made with the other members on the symbol of the relief flag, which was the Red Cross. The conference took place at a time when the atmosphere was strongly anti-Ottoman and anti-Muslim, and the world was on the verge of classifying countries for the outbreak of World War I.
The Christian governments, especially the representatives of the Balkan governments, took such a stand against the Ottomans and the use of the crescent moon as the flag of the Muslim Relief Organization that only the Red Cross, the Lion and the Red Sun were supposed to be adopted as official symbols. The moon changed the conference atmosphere. Unfortunately, this victory of the Iranian diplomatic apparatus and Momtaz ol-Saltaneh, the Iranian Prime Minister in Paris, was ignored and less paid attention to in the first Pahlavi historiography. In this historical study, according to the documents obtained, we discuss the role of Iran in recognizing the Red Crescent symbol.

Keywords: Red Crescent Society, Red Cross, MomtazolSaltaneh, Geneva Conference 1906

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