fa Challenges of Knowledge Management for Disaster Risk Reduction in Iran شیوه های نوین آموزشی در مدیریت حوادث وسوانح New educational methods in the management of crisis and disasters پژوهشي Research article <div style="margin-left: 1cm; text-align: left;"><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Knowledge is a powerful resource to help governments, organizations, and communities to plan and improve their performance in mitigating the harmful effects of disasters. There is a crucial need for knowledge in all phases of disaster risk management, namely prevention, risk reduction, preparedness, as well as response and recovery. The present study aimed to assess the organizational, discourse, and metaphorical challenges and knowledge management improvement policies in disaster risk management in Iran.<br> <strong>METHODS:</strong> This qualitative study was conducted in Iran in 2016. The needed data were collected through in-depth interviews with 21 experts and policymakers and analyzed by content analysis method.<br> <strong>FINDINGS:</strong> Based on the obtained results, the following five categories were extracted: 1. current problems, 2. organizational and structural problems, 3. discourse level, 4. level of metaphors, and 5. knowledge management improvement policies in the disaster response phase in Iran.</div> <div style="text-align: left;"><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> As evidenced by the obtained results, the challenges presented to knowledge management in disasters included the repetition of the same problems of previous disasters, non-use of the experiences of previous disasters, forgetting disasters, the long return period of some disasters, failure to transfer field and operational experiences, ignoring the bitter experiences of disasters, violating processes and sometimes copying without considering operational experiences, lack of expert documentarians or disaster documentation teams, as well as too many disasters and too little documentation. Moreover, it was found that these challenges are rooted in structural, cultural, social, discourse, and mythological problems</div> <div dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 1cm; text-align: justify;"><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> Knowledge is a powerful resource to help governments, organizations, and communities to plan and improve their performance in mitigating the harmful effects of disasters. There is a crucial need for knowledge in all phases of disaster risk management, namely prevention, risk reduction, preparedness, as well as response and recovery. The present study aimed to assess the organizational, discourse, and metaphorical challenges and knowledge management improvement policies in disaster risk management in Iran.<br> <strong>METHODS:</strong> This qualitative study was conducted in Iran in 2016. The needed data were collected through in-depth interviews with 21 experts and policymakers and analyzed by content analysis method.<br> <strong>FINDINGS:</strong> Based on the obtained results, the following five categories were extracted: 1. current problems, 2. organizational and structural problems, 3. discourse level, 4. level of metaphors, and 5. knowledge management improvement policies in the disaster response phase in Iran.</div> <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> As evidenced by the obtained results, the challenges presented to knowledge management in disasters included the repetition of the same problems of previous disasters, non-use of the experiences of previous disasters, forgetting disasters, the long return period of some disasters, failure to transfer field and operational experiences, ignoring the bitter experiences of disasters, violating processes and sometimes copying without considering operational experiences, lack of expert documentarians or disaster documentation teams, as well as too many disasters and too little documentation. Moreover, it was found that these challenges are rooted in structural, cultural, social, discourse, and mythological problems.</div> Culture, Disasters and Hazards, Documentation, Knowledge Management Culture, Disasters and Hazards, Documentation, Knowledge Management 210 216 http://jorar.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-560-7&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Navvab Shamspour نواب شمس پور 10031947532846009500 10031947532846009500 No Educational Management, Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran Research Center for Emergency and Disaster Resilience, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran 1. دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزشی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال ، تهران، ایران Esmaeil Kavousi اسماعیل کاوسی EKAVOUSI@GMAIL.COM 10031947532846009501 10031947532846009501 Yes Professor, Department of Cultural Management, Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad university, Tehran North Branch ,Tehran, Iran 2. استاد گروه مدیریت وبرنامه ریزی فرهنگی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال تهران، ایران ، (مسئول مکاتبات) Mojtaba Moazzami مجتبی معظمی m_moazzamiii@yahoo.com 10031947532846009502 10031947532846009502 No Department of Higher Education Management, Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran 3. دکتری مدیریت آموزش عالی و استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال ، تهران، ایران Abbasali Ghaiyoomi عباسعلی قیومی ghaiyoomi@gmail.com 10031947532846009503 10031947532846009503 No Assistant professor, Department of Cultural Management, Faculty of Management, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran 4. دانشیار گروه مدیریت وبرنامه ریزی فرهنگی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال تهران، ایران. Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh میلاد احمدی مرزاله miladahmadimarzaleh@yahoo.com 10031947532846009504 10031947532846009504 No Research Center for Emergency and Disaster Resilience, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran Disaster and Emergency Health, School of Management and Medical Information, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 8-Master of Public Health, Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Applied Science Higher Education Institute, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran هلال احمر