Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief 2008-4544 6 4 2015 1 1 Landslide hazard zonation using bivariate statistical (AHP) model in Golestan Province 0 0 FA Nader Oveisi Solmaz Khazaei Moghani Naser Bay Introduction: Landslide is one of the natural hazards around the country that cause casualties and financial losses each year. This disaster destroyed roads, meadows, mountains, erosion, and sedimentation in the watershed basins. Method: In this study, the risk of landslides in Golestan province is examined via weighted (using AHP) bivariate statistical model. First, all the landslides (number & area) were listed by field study based on local data, and then the distribution map was prepared for each city. Findings: According to the results, relative risk map was prepared with six classes. The highest and lowest number of landslides occurred in Maraveh Tappeh and Aq Qala respectively. The most area of landslides was in Aliabad. In addition, Ali Abad and Kalaleh Kordkuy county and also Gonbad, Ramian, Bandar Torkaman, Gomishan had the most and the least hazard rate. Conclusion: The analysis of effective factors for landslide showed that landslide factors have different importance.

Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief 2008-4544 6 4 2015 1 1 Iranian hospital preparedness dealing with disasters )a review study( 0 0 FA Maryam Yaghoubi Fatemeh Rahmati Najarkolaei, Background: Disaster preparedness and management in hospitals are attractive topics for researchers. According to the studies, this research was performed in order to collect and compare the published studies about preparation in all hospitals dealing with disaster in the country. Methods: In this review study, data and information was searched and collected the keywords consist of "hospital disaster readiness", "hospital disaster", "disaster management system" in databa ses such as Iranmedex, SID, Magiran and also PubMed and Google scholar. Quality assessment of papers was evaluated and result was compared and analyzed finally. Finding: A total of 32 articles were found; 21relevant articles were analyzed. Conclusion: In most studies, hospital preparation to deal with the crisis was moderate. Therefore, planning is important in order to Implement the crisis management program for hospitals and improve their preparedness in the country.

Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief 2008-4544 6 4 2015 1 1 The study of relationship between entrepreneurial leadership behaviors and psychological empowerment of employees in higher education centers of Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran 0 0 FA Seyyed Mohsen MirMousavi Bijan Abdollahi Introduction: This research aims to study the relationship between entrepreneur leadership behaviors and psychological empowerment of employees in higher education centers of Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Method: By census sampling method, all personnel including 261 experts were studied by using Spreitzer questionnaire to measure psychological empowerment and Zampetakis & Moustakis questionnaire to measure manager entrepreneurial behaviors. Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used for data analysis. Findings: According to the findings, the results were as follows: there was a significant positive relationship between all aspects of entrepreneurial leadership behaviors with psychological empowerment, the aspects of self-determination and autonomy and trust. Also, there was a significant direct relationship between components of employees’ entrepreneurial leadership behaviors such as change orientation, strategic vision, creating an energetic work environment with sense of competence and effectiveness; but no significant relationship was observed between the ability to cut bureaucratic red tape and supportive context with the sense of competence and effectiveness. However, there was a significant direct relationship between employees’ change orientation, strategic vision, creating an energetic work environment and a supportive context with meaningfulness; but no relationship was observed between the ability to cut bureaucratic red tape with meaningfulness. In addition, change orientation and strategic vision were highly significant for predicting psychological empowerment in applied-science centers employees of Red Crescent Society. Conclusion: In general, it can be said that the higher the score of entrepreneurial leadership behavior, the conditions in the organization are provided in such a way that the employees will enjoy higher psychological empowerment.  

Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief 2008-4544 6 4 2015 1 1 A comparative study of Search and Rescue Skills training in debris in Iranian Red Crescent Society with educational standards in United Nations 0 0 FA Maryam Jalali Parvin Shafiee Moghadam Background: Effective disaster response is a crucial factor in reducing casualty rate in the affected areas by earthquake. This study aims to compare training methodology for international USAR teams in Iran and United Nations. Method: In this comparative - desc riptive study, data was collected from national and international instructions, rules and regulations series and databa ses. Operational level, team roles and team structures were compared in national and international teams. The main focus of the study was on the training methodology and contents of the training programs. Findings: National training methodology is mainly ba sed on the role of desc riptions. Operational levels and team classifications are not defined in national teams. Team structure does not comprise all five components required by INSARAG guidelines. The number of staff and staff allocation are different from INSARAG guidelines. Team roles are not defined clearly. Conclusion: Operational level and teams had better to be classified according to structures. Existing independent teams can be integrated into five-component standard teams. Training methodology and components need improvement. Capacity building in rural areas may be improved by training first responders. In urban areas with structure material diversity, teams in different operational levels must be trained.

Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief 2008-4544 6 4 2015 1 1 The study of intersectoral interactions in the event of oil spills in Zayanderud River (a case study) 0 0 FA Ali Mazaheri Hossein Safari Zahra Mousavian Mansour Shisheh foroush Katayon Jahangiri Golrokh Atighechian PhD Student in Health in Emergencies and Disasters. Iran University of Medical Sciences, School of Management and Medical Information Introduction: Due to the reckless for a bulldozer driver belonging to Department of Transportation, Isfahan-Omidiyeh Oil Pipeline was fractures on Monday, 14 April 2008, and extensive oil spill was happen on 500m upstream of the river in the Chelvan from Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari, and the river and the surrounding land was polluted. After the incident, the drinking water of some cities was completely cut off for 48 hours. This study was done to presents a successful example of intersectoral cooperation and interaction for the management of an environmental disaster. Method: This applied research was carried out in five stages. First, a review of the literature was done about toxic substances spills and specially oil spill in water resources. Second, incident was reviewed by existing documents. In the third stage, through interviews with those responsible or involved in incident management, information identifying the roles, responsibilities and interventions and finally content analysis was used to analyze data and design interactive model for oil spill management. Findings: In response to the incident, widespread act was done by Governor, the Office of Water & Wastewater, the Environmental Protection Agency, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, The Fire and Safety Services, oil companies and other bodies responsible for clean the area and prevent entry of crude oil dewatering and water treatment facilities. After cleaning the river and carrying out the necessary tests, water treatment carried out in compliance with relevant standards. Also by coordination in Isfahan province, side problems of water cut were reduced to a minimum. Conclusion: One of the most persistent and dangerous pollution of water resources is oil pollution. This type of pollution is threat to groundwater resources and surface water resources. To reduce the risks of oil spills, predict, and identify black spots and actions that lead to the occurrence of such events is essential. The interaction among sectoral collaboration between organizations involved in the pre-crisis remedy these types should be considered.

Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief 2008-4544 6 4 2015 1 1 The relationship between coping strategies with stress, self-efficacy and psychological hardiness in relief workers of Red Crescent society of Kohgiluyeh And Boyer-Ahmad province 0 0 FA Zinab Dayyeri Majid Barzegar Sirous Sarvghad Background: Everyday, relief workers deal with a variety of stressors such as overload work, interpersonal conflicts, work shifts, mortality, lack of psychological support, conflict with managers and confusion in the face of their authorities. These factors can affect the relief workers (rescuer). Using coping strategies like stress, hardiness and the sense of effectiveness in dealing with activities and challenges can affect relief workers’ psychological health. This paper aims to study the relationship between coping strategies with stress, psychological hardiness and self-efficacy in relief workers in Red Crescent society of Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad province. Method: In this desc riptive and cross-sectional study, about 291 relief workers was selected and studied in Red Crescent society of Kohgiluyeh & Boyer Ahmad province by using stratified random sampling. Data was gathered through self-efficacy questionnaire (Schwarzer, Jerusalem 1979), coping strategies (Endler & Parker, 1990), and psychological hardiness in Personal Views Survey (Kobasa, 1990). In addition, data were analyzed by using SPSS19 software and Pearson’s coefficient statistical test. (P=0.01) Findings: The results are as follows: dimensions of psychological hardiness consist of struggle, commitment and control with mean and standard deviation of 39 & 3.4, 37& 3.6, and 40.5 & 3 respectively; dimensions of coping strategies including problem-oriented, excitement-oriented and avoidance with mean and standard deviation 62 & 10.7; 59 &10.7 and60.3 & 10/1 respectively. About self-efficacy, the mean and standard deviation in relief workers were of 33 and 4. It must be said that the highest mean and standard deviation was seen in problem-oriented coping st yle (62 and 10/7). The findings showed that there was a significant relationship among psychological hardiness, coping strategies and self-efficacy in relief workers (p<0/01). Also, dimensions of hardiness (commitment and struggle) have a meaningful relationship with components of coping strategies (p<0/01). Conclusion: According to the results, self-efficacy, hardiness and coping strategies can be developed; and organizations can play an important role in developing these features in relief workers.

Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief 2008-4544 6 4 2015 1 1 Judicial-legal analysis of rescue And relief 0 0 FA Seyyed Mehdi Jokar PhD student in University of Law, Qom, Iran Majidreza Arab Ahmadi Abdollah Omidifard Introduction: Helping others and services to our fellowmen have been carried throughout the history in different ways. It is one of the most important examples of human services called as rescue and relief to the injured and affected people.At any time, people may be affected by disasters such as natural disasters, heavy storms, car accidents etc. Certainly at the time of such disasters, people need other people’s help with regard to human beings are members of a whole. However, the affected people should be fast rescued. It should be mentioned that the rescue and relief efforts to the injured is the order of Islam religion as the pioneer of serving humanity and eliminating the pain and human suffering by arranging and codifying law, regulations, rules and duties in one hand and also relates to the pure nature of human beings on other hand. Sometimes, rescue and relief operation occurs under conditions which cause problems for both the injured and the relief workers. With regard to the rescue and relief operation, the first responders may face dilemma on dealing with the importance of protecting privacy of the affected people and observance of ethical guidelines.

Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief 2008-4544 6 4 2015 1 1 Investigating the effect of rescue and relief posts on reducing the number of road deaths and casualties in view of Ilam provinces’ drivers 0 0 FA Shahnaz Shiri Mohammad Soleimani Mehri Hassan Tardast Hamed Chaharsoughi Amin Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Islamic Azad University, Ilam Branch, Ilam, Iran Kazem Rezania Homayoun Nouri Introduction: Ilam is a disaster-prone province in terms of road accidents. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effect of rescue and relief posts in reducing the number of deaths and casualties in Ilam roads. Method: In this cross sectional study, all drivers (N=1040) on the Ilam roads (bus, cab, minibus) were studied. By using self-administrated questionnaire, about 282 persons were selected based on stratified random sampling. The validity and reliability was tested based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0/80). Findings: According to the findings, there is a positive and significant relationship between geographical, human, social-educational and logistical factors of rescue and relief roads posts with reducing the number of injuries and casualties in Ilam roads (0.83≤rs≤0.71; p=0.000). Conclusion: The results showed that equipping and modernization of rescue & relief roads posts can have a positive impact on reducing road accidents in different point of views of vehicle drivers in Ilam province.

Iran Helal Applied Science Higher Education Institute Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief 2008-4544 6 4 2015 1 1 0 0 FA