Introduction: Improper screening of pilgrims in examinations before sending by physicians will impose irreversible and serious problems on the pilgrims, the caravan and also the health & care system during the Hajj season. The purpose of this paper is to study medical errors of the caravan physicians in examinations before sending pilgrims to the Hajj in 2008.
Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, medical errors in examination were extracted and categorized before sending 100,000 pilgrims to Hajj in 2008.
Findings: According to the results, 26 cases with advanced cancer, one of them died during the journey, and the rest of the patients returned to Iran or admitted to the Saudi Arabia hospitals. Meanwhile, 10 cases of chemicals victims and 5 patients with spinal injury were in the ordinary caravans that were not predicted any care arrangement. 4 patients, who had not been diagnosed with mental disorders, were returned to Iran. For 15 cases the physicians had not had any exact medical history of cardiac disease. Also, 3 cases with addiction and a 4-month pregnant woman were other medical errors in Hajj in 2008.
Conclusion: Physicians proper diagnosis along with accuracy in patients' desc ription and prediction of necessary care equipment can minimize the individual, social and economic irreversible costs in health and care system during the hajj.

INTODUCTION: Human factor is identified as the most important factor in road accidents. The purpose of this research was to compare the role of human factor in road accidents in different drivers' categories in Darab Township in 2010.
METHODS: In this descriptive-correlation research, firstly, four groups of drivers including bus, truck, taxi and private car drivers (130 drivers) were selected through purposeful sampling and completed Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire (MDBQ). Data was analyzed by using Multivariate Analysis Of Variance (MANOVA), correlation coefficients and SPSS.
FINDINGS: According to the results, all groups had significant differences in all factors such as errors, lapses, aggressive and ordinary violation (P<0.05); also the highest rate in 3 factors of errors, lapses and aggressive violation were related to bus drivers, truck drivers, private car drivers and taxi drivers respectively; but in ordinary violations the highest scores were related to private car, taxi, truck and bus drivers respectively. The findings of correlation coefficients were as follows: there were a significant and positive correlation between age and all types of errors and violence (P<0.05); negative and significant correlation was found between education with dangerous and aggressive errors and lapses (P<0.05); but positive and significant correlation was found between education and aggressive violation (P<0.05); there was no correlation between education score and ordinary violation; also, no correlation was found between years of driving and wearing safety belt with errors and violence (P>0.05).
CONCLUSION: The results indicated that the highest scores were specially related to bus drivers and truck drivers. Therefore, it is recommended to perform psychological assessments and adequate training in order to reduce the accident rate at the time of selection and obtaining driving licenses and periodically thereafter.