Volume 4, Issue 3 (10-2012)
jorar 2012, 4(3): 107-110 |
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Mohaghegh M. New Approaches to Crisis Management and Disaster Risk Reduction. jorar 2012; 4 (3) :107-110
URL: http://jorar.ir/article-1-134-en.html
URL: http://jorar.ir/article-1-134-en.html
Senior United Nations Advisor on Disaster Risk Management, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (4241 Views)
INTRODUCTION: Human efforts to deal with natural disasters and accidents in the modern era have three stages and approaches. The first stage and approach was based on providing emergency aid and relief and rescue, which was formed at the same time as the establishment of international organizations such as the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) in the early twentieth century and continued until World War II, through which relief and humanitarian aid was provided to the victims. The second stage spread after World War II and in the atmosphere of dominance of scientific and technical discourses and schools of growth and development and behaviorism after the war in America, Europe and then throughout the world. Based on this approach, in order to avoid the destructive effects of accidents and disasters, the prevention of such disasters through the application of scientific and engineering achievements in the construction and development of the man-made environment such as buildings, roads and urban development was given priority. The scientific and engineering approach to crisis management was considered the dominant and fundamental approach until the 1980s, and responsible international organizations such as the United Nations included it as a principle in their programs. The events of the 1980s showed that the scientific and engineering approach was not sufficient to deal with accidents and disasters. As a result, a third approach, called the social approach to crisis management, was formed, whose main emphasis is on reducing the vulnerability of the individual and social environment of humans to natural accidents and disasters, and it is now the dominant and pervasive approach at the international level and in many countries around the world.
Article Type: Educational article |
Subject:
Other matters related to crisis, disasters and rescue & relief
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